What type of rock is formed from cooling magma?

Igneous rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma. This process occurs when magma, which is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, rises and cools, either below the ground (forming intrusive igneous rocks) or after it erupts onto the surface as lava (forming extrusive igneous rocks). The crystalline texture and mineral composition of igneous rocks depend on the rate at which the magma cools and the minerals present, making them important indicators of the geological processes that formed them.

In contrast, sedimentary rocks form through the accumulation and compaction of sediment, usually in layers over time, while metamorphic rocks originate from the transformation of existing rocks (either igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) under heat and pressure. Fossil rocks, while they may contain fossils, do not define a specific category of rock and are typically considered within the realm of sedimentary rocks due to their formation from sediment and organic material. Therefore, igneous rock is the only type relevant to the question concerning the cooling of magma.