What is the best method for conserving worldwide freshwater resources?

Using more efficient irrigation techniques is the best method for conserving worldwide freshwater resources because irrigation accounts for a substantial portion of global freshwater use, especially in agriculture. Traditional irrigation methods can result in significant water loss through evaporation, runoff, and inefficient water application.

By adopting more efficient techniques, such as drip irrigation or smart irrigation systems, farmers can deliver water more directly to the plant roots, minimizing waste and enhancing water use efficiency. This not only conserves freshwater but also supports better crop yields, which is crucial as global populations grow and the demand for food increases. Improved irrigation practices can help ensure that water resources are used sustainably, benefiting both agricultural productivity and environmental conservation.

Other choices would not address the critical issue of freshwater conservation. Building more roads and highways increases impermeable surfaces, leading to more runoff and potentially less water available for direct use. Increasing land for cattle can elevate water consumption since livestock farming is resource-intensive. Developing more coal-powered plants impacts freshwater resources negatively through pollution and can also contribute to climate change, which affects water availability. Therefore, focusing on efficient irrigation is a proactive step toward sustainable water resource management.